A Strong Geomagnetic Storm Triggers Colorful Aurora Displays
On March 22 at 9:45 p.m. EDT, a powerful X-class solar flare erupted from the sun, leading to a coronal mass ejection (CME) hitting Earth on March 24 at 10:37 a.m. EDT. This impact sparked a severe G4-class geomagnetic storm, the strongest since 2017, according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
Geomagnetic storms are disturbances caused by large expulsions of plasma and magnetic fields from the sun’s atmosphere, ranging from G1-G5 in severity. NOAA issued a geomagnetic storm alert on March 24, potentially allowing for visibility of the northern lights as far south as Alabama.
Solar physicist Tamitha Skov questioned whether the storm would contain a southward magnetic field necessary for big aurora shows. The arrival of energized particles from the sun did trigger colorful auroras, but Earth’s northward interplanetary magnetic field connection limited the dramatic displays.
An open southward Bz can disrupt Earth’s magnetosphere and produce auroras, while a closed northward Bz results in weaker displays. Despite the limitations, sky gazers were still treated to stunning light displays across various locations.
The event serves as a reminder of the sun’s powerful influence on Earth’s magnetic field and the potential for beautiful auroras to be visible even at lower latitudes. Scientists and enthusiasts alike will continue to monitor solar activity for future geomagnetic storms and aurora displays.
“Infuriatingly humble tv expert. Friendly student. Travel fanatic. Bacon fan. Unable to type with boxing gloves on.”